Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) is an attractive candidate for particle dark matter. Typical WIMP models predict the scattering process of dark matter off nuclei, and they can be probed by direct detection experiments such as the XENONnT. There are many direct detection experiments for more than a few decades, and there is no significant scattering signal. This implies that the...
The XENONnT is a direct dark matter search experiment using a time projection chamber with 8.5 tons of liquid xenon. The experiment has been conducted at located at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy, and taking the science data since 2021. In this talk, a summary of recent status/results of the XENONnT experiment, and its future project, the XLZD experiment, will be presented.
The NIT (Nano Imaging Tracker), developed and studied at Nagoya University since 2010, is a promising tool for searching for dark matter signals, which are expected to be observable only with several tens keV of recoiled atoms by it.
We have set up a manufacturing plant of NIT at the National Laboratory of Gran Sasso in Italy and have conducted joint research as a NEWSdm experiment. In...
Since weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are predicted to exist at the electroweak scale, various experiments—including collider searches, satellite observations, and underground detectors—aim to explore the mass range from GeV to TeV in a complementary approach.
In particular, TeV-scale WIMPs can be effectively probed by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), which...
Dark matter production in high energy accelerators comprises one of the three main pillars of the dark matter detection strategies together with the scattering and the annihilation.
This talk overviews the latest searches in the collider experiments and provides personal vision on what to do next.
The Milky Way and its satellite galaxies provide invaluable laboratories for exploring the nature of dark matter.
Their structural and dynamical properties offer unique opportunities to place constraints on dark matter spatial and velocity distributions on small scales.
These systems are also prime targets for direct and indirect dark matter searches.
Unveiling their dark matter...
The talk reviews some of the latest results and prospects of energy-frontier physics at the LHC.
The Higgs sector is a unique part of the Standard Model in particle
physics. Even after the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012 at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the complete picture of the Higgs sector is
still uncovered. The ATLAS experiment is one of the two experiments that discovered the Higgs boson and can directly see it in proton-proton
collisions. It has measured the nature of...
The muon’s magnetic anomaly (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM) serve as powerful windows into physics beyond the Standard Model. Precise measurements of these fundamental properties can reveal potential contributions from undiscovered particles and interactions. In this talk, I will present the current status the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment and provide an update on the PSI muEDM experiment.
The J-PARC muon g-2/EDM experiment aims to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly (a_μ = (g-2)/2) and to search for the muon electric dipole moment, with sensitivity comparable to the highest in the world. This will be achieved using a small-emittance muon beam, created by cooling muons and accelerating them with a multi-stage linac. The experimental approach significantly differs from the...
The currently operating T2K long baseline neutrino experiment is probing the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations, providing world leading constraints on neutrino mixing parameters while searching for CP violation in neutrinos. The next generation experiment, Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K), is currently under construction and will succeed T2K and Super-Kamiokande with a higher beam intensity and...
We are advancing the NINJA experiment at J-PARC using nuclear emulsion to study low-energy neutrinos in the Sub-Multi GeV range. Currently, we are conducting a physics run aimed at the precise measurement of neutrino-water interactions, which is crucial for reducing systematic uncertainties in long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments that test CP symmetry violation in the lepton sector....
Tau neutrinos is one of least studied particles. Measurement of the interaction crossection with a nucleon were reported by DONuT experiment but larger statistical and systematic errors. SHiP experiment is a hybrid experimnt constructing and run in 2030s. The experiment have two main subjevts, one is hidden particle search in a large decay volume and the other is tau neutrino detector with...
Super-Kamiokande (SK) has been operational since 1996, revealing neutrino oscillations and precisely measuring oscillation parameters. With the extensive atmospheric neutrino data collected, we have recently been exploring the neutrino mass hierarchy. In 2020, gadolinium was added to the SK tank, and since then, we have been collecting data with neutron tagging information. One of the most...
Galaxies form in dark matter haloes. The spatial distribution of dark matter haloes, and the distribution and the number of galaxies within a dark matter halo, depend primarily on the halo mass. However, they are also known to depend on halo properties other than mass, such as halo formation history (Wechsler et al. 2006). This secondary dependence is called assembly bias. Due to dramatic...
The algebraic ER=EPR conjecture claims that the types of von Neumann algebras to which the QFT at the boundary belongs determine the emergent spacetime picture on the bulk side. Following this proposal, we explored the conjecture’s claims using the Lin-Lunin-Maldacena (LLM) system. Specifically, we began by constructing entangled quantum states in the LLM system, switched over types and saw...
Hadrons that are difficult to explain as ordinary hadrons are called exotic hadrons, and since the Belle experiment reported $X(3872)$ in 2003, a large number of exotic hadrons containing charm quarks have been reported. Some of these have the same quantum number as charmonium and are located near the mass threshold of the two hadrons. In this study, we analyze the exotic hadrons associated...
We present the first confirmation of anisotropic halo bias induced by vector dark matter/energy and anisotropic inflation. Vector dark matter/energy and anisotropic inflation models distort cosmological matter distributions. Anisotropy of matter distributions can affect halo distributions. Using cosmological N-body simulations, we show that halo bias becomes anisotropic in the presence of...
Improving the precision of the top quark mass measurement is essential for understanding the properties of the Higgs field at high energy scales and the vacuum stability of the universe. In previous measurements with inclusive top quark decays (such as the lepton + jets final state), the dominant uncertainties arose from the energy reconstruction of QCD jets. We have developed a method to...
Primordial black holes (PBHs) are black holes generated in the early universe without experience of the form of a star. It has been pointed out that PBHs may be candidates for black holes and compact objects of various masses in the universe or a major component of dark matter. In particular, PBHs have been attracting much attention in the recent development of gravitational wave observation....
A muon linear accelerator is under development at J-PARC for precise measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (g-2) and electric dipole moment (EDM). The disk-and-washer (DAW) structure is employed to accelerate muons from 30% of the speed of light (kinetic energy = 4 MeV) to 70% (40 MeV) at 1296 MHz. The muon DAW consists of tanks accelerating the muons and bridge couplers that...
In the ATLAS experiment at HL-LHC, the first-level muon trigger will be redesigned to suppress the trigger rate in the high pileup environment. In the endcap region, the hit signals from thin gap chamber (TGC) are processed in XCVU13P FPGA and muon track is reconstructed. In order to suppress the trigger for particles not originating from the interaction point, the new algorithm exploits the...
The nuclear emulsion is a charged particle detector with submicron spatial resolution based on the principles of silver halide photography. Nagoya University’s nuclear emulsion film production facility produces 1,500 square meters of film annually, which is used in ongoing experiments such as neutrino interaction measurements and cosmic gamma ray observations. After each experiment, all films...
As observed in XENON1T, tritium, which exists as an impurity in liquid xenon, can potentially contribute to background signals in direct dark matter detection experiments using liquid xenon. Therefore, this study aims to measure hydrogen concentrations at the ppt level in gaseous xenon to quantitatively evaluate tritium concentration. This poster presents the current progress in trace hydrogen...
Direct dark matter search with liquid xenon such as XENONnT experiment has the best sensitivity to dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) today. XLZD experiment, the future direct dark matter search with about 50 tons of xenon, aims to improve the sensitivity to 10 times that of previous experiments and we need to decrease the background rate to achieve the...
In the R&D for next-generation liquid xenon-based dark matter detectors, not only the conventional dual-phase detectors using both gaseous and liquid xenon but also single-phase detectors, which do not require strict liquid level management, have been gaining attention. This study focuses on developing a single-phase liquid xenon detector and a stable electrode with microstrip-patterned metal...
The Higgs boson coupling to muons has not yet been observed, making its measurement an important target in studying the Higgs sector. The decay of the Higgs boson into a muon pair is a rare process, predicted by the Standard Model with a branching ratio of approximately 0.02%. The ATLAS experiment aims to improve the sensitivity of this search during Run 3. One of the key factors affecting the...
In this paper, we evaluate the QCD $\theta$ angle radiatively induced at the two-loop level using the dimensional regularization with the BMHV scheme in a simplified model. When the Lagrangian is promoted into $d$-dimensional space through the dimensional regularization, evanescent operators are introduced, which break the chiral symmetry. Consequently, a parity-odd fermion loop with the BMHV...
[arXiv: 2308.01336 and 2411.08737] We explore the impact of highly excited bound states on the evolution of number densities of new physics particles, specifically dark matter, in the early Universe. Focusing on dipole transitions within perturbative, unbroken gauge theories, we develop an efficient method for including around a million bound state formation and bound-to-bound transition...
It remains a big challenge to provide a theoretical explanation for confinement. The principal obstacle lies in the behavior of the QCD coupling constant. It is no longer small and thus perturbation theory becomes unusable in the low energy regime. As a promising approach to the problem, we turn to supersymmetric gauge theories, which provide analytical control. We defined a new type of...
After the dark ages of the Universe, the first generation of stars formed without any heavy elements. These metal-free stars, known as Population III (Pop III) stars, are thought to have influenced cosmic reionization, although the extent of their contribution remains uncertain. Therefore, understanding their properties is crucial for cosmology. However, direct observations remain challenging....
Lepton flavor universality violations in semileptonic b→c transitions have garnered attention over a decade. For RH_c=BR(H_b→H_cτν)/BR(H_b→H_cℓν) with ℓ being e, μ, a sum rule among RD, RD∗ and RΛc was proposed to check consistency in the experimental results independently of new physics models. We revisit this relation from the perspective of the heavy quark symmetry. We derive a sum rule...
Recent progress in the electric dipole moment (EDM) measurements of the electron using the paramagnetic atom or molecule is remarkable. In this paper, we calculate a contribution to the electron EDM at three-loop level, introducing the CP-violating Yukawa couplings of new SU(2)$_L$ multiplets. At two-loop level, the Yukawa interactions generate a CP-violating dimension-six operator, composed...
If the dark sector exists and communicates with Standard Model through the U (1) mixing, it is possible that electromagnetism would have influence on matter fields in dark sector, so-called millicharge particles (mCPs). Furthermore, the highest mCPs could be dark matter particles. Recently it has been shown that the mCPs would be slowed down and captured by the earth. As a result, the number...
We report about novel neutron interferometer using pulsed neutrons. In the case of conventional interferometer, crystal diffraction is used for splitting and superposition of neutron wave. The sensitivity of the interferometer has limitation in applicable wavelength. In addition, we must scan the phase shifter plate to get interferogram. This scanning creates the systematic uncertainty for...
The interplay between black hole interior dynamics and quantum chaos provides a crucial framework for probing quantum effects in quantum gravity. In this work, we investigate non-perturbative overlaps in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity to uncover universal signatures of quantum chaos and quantum complexity. Taking advantage of universal spectral correlators from random matrix theory, we compute...
The Belle II detector TOP counter is a particle identification device consisting of a quartz radiator and a Micro-Channel-Plate Photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT). The identification performance depends on the quantum efficiency (QE) of the MCP-PMT, which decreases as the integrated output charge increases, but the QE measured from the physics run data decreased faster than expected. As a possible...
Recent detections of parity violation in cosmological observations, such as galaxy clustering and cosmic microwave background anisotropies, suggest the existence of parity-violating sources in the universe. To properly extract these signals from future cosmological experiments, a thorough analysis of parity-violating signatures and exploration of relevant models are essential. In this talk, we...
In the HL-LHC ATLAS experiment, the TGC detector inside the magnetic field region will be changed from two layers to three layers in order to improve the detector redundancy and positional accuracy. Performance evaluation was conducted to install three of the new detectors during the EYETS2024, and the occupancy rate of electrical noise above 100 mV is less than 10^{-4}. In addition, quality...
Observations of cosmic gamma rays contribute greatly to cosmic ray physics by elucidating a mechanism of cosmic ray acceleration and identifying gamma-ray sources, but due to the technical difficulties of the measurement method, many parts of this field are less developed than other wavelength. In particular, the polarization of cosmic gamma rays is a physical quantity that can reveal the...
The Belle II collaboration recently announced that they observed the B→Kνν decay process for the first time. This dineutrino mode of B→Kνν has been theoretically identified as a very clean channel. However, their result encounters a 2.7σ deviation from the Standard Model (SM) calculation. On the other hand, last year, Fermilab released new data on muon g−2 away from the SM expectation with 5σ....
Recent pulsar timing arrays (PTA) observations indicate evidence of a gravitational wave background (GWB) has been detected. If supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are indeed the primary source of this signal, future PTA observations, such as those from the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), are expected to simultaneously capture multiple continuous gravitational waves (CGWs) emitted by bright...
In the decay process of B mesons, discrepancies between the predictions of the Standard Model and experimental results have been reported. These can be clues to physics beyond the Standard Model. Here, based on the R(D) anomaly, we will reveal the predictions and correlations of R2 leptoquark that could contribute to other interesting B meson decay processes.
We develop a C++ package of the STOchastic LAttice Simulation (STOLAS) of cosmic inflation. It performs the numerical lattice simulation in the application of the stochastic-δN formalism. STOLAS can directly compute the three-dimensional map of the observable curvature perturbation without estimating its statistical properties. In its application to two toy models of inflation, chaotic...
The ΛCDM model, the current standard cosmological model, is capable of describing the geometric and structural evolution of the universe and has been supported by measurements of various cosmological observables, including the large-scale structure (LSS). However, the ΛCDM model requires the assumption of the existence of unknown matter (dark matter), which is the source of the gravitational...
One of the important cosmological studies is verifying the accuracy of the standard model, and investigations of small-scale structure formation are needed. However, observations so far for scales smaller than around 100 kpc have not been conducted adequately yet. For these scales, the structures at the epoch of pre-reionization called minihalos are good targets to investigate, and it is...
The upgrade of the ATLAS detector for HL-LHC will start in 2026 towards physics run from 2030. The Sector Logic (SL) board is a part of the first stage muon trigger system. It is equipped with 20 FireFly modules for optical communication and a large-scale FPGA for trigger processing, requiring an advanced power management. The final prototype was manufactured taking into account the feedback...
We discuss the toponium formation signals at the LHC.
Flavour physics represents one of the most fascinating puzzles of
particle physics. I will discuss some recent developments in this
field, both from a theoretical perspective and from a more
phenomenological point of view. I will focus in particular on the idea
of flavour non-universal gauge interactions as a way to address the
origin of the flavour hierarchies, while enabling new physics...
The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider is building on the achievements of its predecessor, Belle, to explore new frontiers in B physics. With its vastly increased dataset, Belle II enables detailed studies of rare B meson decays and CP violation, offering unique sensitivity to phenomena beyond the Standard Model. These efforts are complemented by results from the LHC, which provide...
Talk highlighting recent tau physics results and future prospects for the Belle II experiment.
The current status of ongoing and planned experiments using low energy (roughly eV and below) neutrons to search for beyond standard model (BSM) physics will be presented. These experiments take place at many different facilities and cover a wide range of physics, including measurements of the static electric dipole moment of the neutron, sensitive searches for time-reversal violation in...
The "neutron lifetime puzzle" arises from the discrepancy between neutron lifetime measurements obtained using the beam method, which measures decay products, and the bottle method, which measures the disappearance of neutrons. To resolve this puzzle, we conducted an experiment using a pulsed cold neutron beam at J-PARC.
In this experiment, the neutron lifetime is determined from the ratio...
The violation of discrete symmetries can be significantly enhanced in neutron absorption reactions by nuclei. The NOPTREX collaboration aims to search for an unknown T-violating interaction in nucleon-nucleon interactions using a polarized neutron beam and a polarized nuclear target at J-PARC. The development of a neutron polarizer and a polarized target is currently ongoing. Experiments using...
Recent accelerator experiments have reported unexpected states known as exotic hadrons, whose properties cannot be explained by the conventional picture, mesons and baryons. In the heavy quark sector, $XYZ$, $T_{cc}$, $P_c$ etc. have been reported since the discovery of $X(3872)$. There have been many exotic hadrons located near the hadron threshold, and thus loosely hadron bound states called...
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays are the highest energy particles arriving at the Earth and measured using an extensive air shower induced by them. In 2015, the Pierre Auger Observatory reported an excess of the number of muons in an extensive air shower than that expected in simulations. This indicates a puzzle, a muon puzzle, suggesting the interactions in an extensive air shower are not...
I will present a brief overview of the current status of cosmology, and highlight what we can expect from the Euclid Dark Energy Mission which launched mid-2023.
The Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) cosmology program will deliver redshifts for four million [OII] emission-line galaxies over 1200 deg² across 𝑧 = 0.6 to 𝑧 = 2.4, based on approximately 100 nights of observations. The program has two primary goals: (1) to rule out the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy by measuring Σ𝑚𝜈 < 0.1 eV at 95% CL, or to determine the total neutrino mass if Σ𝑚𝜈 >...
The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) provides a unique window into the early universe, offering insights into high-energy physics beyond the reach of conventional cosmological observations. Unlike the cosmic microwave background, which probes the universe after recombination, gravitational waves can propagate freely from the earliest moments after the Big Bang, carrying imprints...
Cold dark matter (CDM) is microscopically modelled as a self-gravitating collisionless fluid obeying the Vlasov-Poisson equations. The cold nature suggests that the CDM phase-space structure is described as a three-dimensional super-sheet evolving in six-dimensional phase space. At the initial stage, the phase-space sheet represents a single-stream flow, but as a consequence of the non-linear...
Holography suggests that gravitational theory can be described by a quantum field theory in one lower dimension. This idea provides an invaluable framework to explore the nature of quantum gravity. In this talk, I will review the basic concepts of holography and highlight recent progress in understanding quantum gravity on anti-de Sitter spacetimes, including the roles of quantum entanglement...
The use of machine learning (ML) in high energy physics has exploded in the past decade. While it has provide impressive improvements across a broad range of use cases, it has typically been limited to uses with data already collected by experiments. I will discuss the challenges involved with the use of ML on FPGAs in trigger and data acquisition systems in general as well as specific...
There has been a significant progress in development of large language models in the industries. These models use self-supervised learning methods through which a big AI model can learn how to effectively capture a greater scope of contexts and result in so-called Foundation Models (FMs). Thanks to their strong encoding capability that extracts a comprehensive set of key features in data, once...
Machine learning and physics have long been deeply intertwined, and there have been eras when their relationship came to the forefront. Even in today’s revolutionary AI development, physics has played a significant role—for example, in diffusion models. From a physics standpoint as well, an integrative perspective across various specialized domains is provided by innovative new mathematical...
The observation of cosmic gamma rays is crucial for understanding high-energy astrophysical phenomena and the mechanism of cosmic-ray acceleration. We have been running the GRAINE project, a cosmic gamma-ray observation project in an energy range of 10MeV – 100GeV, using balloon-borne telescope equipped with nuclear emulsion, characterized with a high-angular resolution and polarization...
The 21 cm line emitted by neutral hydrogen (HI) atoms is a valuable observable for investigating the high redshift universe. In particular, before cosmic reionization, the universe was filled with neutral hydrogen gas. Due to cosmic expansion, the redshifted 21 cm line before the reionization is observed at frequencies below 200 MHz. Therefore, low-frequency radio observations can map HI...
The XRISM satellite, launched in 2023, provides an X-ray spectroscopy with > 1000 resolving power around 6 keV Fe-K lines. The mission is providing numerous new insights with the high resolution spectra. On 2027, the MeV all-sky mission COSI will be launched. The mission will provide >~ 100 resolving power at 511-2 MeV. We will give the latest review of the early science results and project...
The LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration is currently in its fourth observing run, having detected approximately 200 gravitational wave (GW) events. This presentation will provide an overview of GW observations since the first detection in 2015, discuss future prospects, and highlight our research on GW detector science at Nagoya University.
Gamma-ray astronomy plays a fundamental role in the understanding of very high energy tricky and outstanding sources in our own Galaxy and their role in particle acceleration.
In this context, despite the enormous efforts done in very recent years, both theoretically and experimentally, Cosmic Ray (CR) origin remain without clear answers. Two are the hints of CR acceleration that are sought...
